“Innocence involves an unseeing acceptance of things at face value, an ignorance of the area below the surface. In that humiliating moment I looked beyond myself and into the depths of another person. This was the beginning of compassion, and one cannot have both compassion and innocence” (Collier 84). This is a quote from the short story Marigolds, which is about a young girl, Lizabeth, who loses her innocence when she destroys her neighbor’s valued marigolds. She was able to feel compassion for her neighbor only after losing her innocence. Very much like Lizabeth, Jem and Scout go through a similar process to find compassion.
The novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee is set in a small town in Alabama called Maycomb during the Depression era, and it is a coming of age story revolving around Jem and Scout. Throughout the book, Jem and Scout learn many things from their father, Atticus Finch, one of the most respected lawyers in town. The social norms and prejudice of the town create many situations where Jem and Scout are forced to face the injustices of the world. After two big events, the children lose their innocence and start developing their own opinions on what is happening in town. Atticus is appointed to the Tom Robinson case, where the young black man is falsely accused of raping a white woman. After the jury finds Tom guilty, Jem goes through a loss of innocence, seeing how unfair the world is.
Toward the end of the book, Jem and Scout’s mysterious neighbor, Boo Radley, finally comes out of the house in order to save the children from an attack by Bob Ewell, the father of the woman who accused Tom Robinson of raping her. Scout loses her innocence when she realizes the town was wrong about Boo Radley and is finally able to form her own judgment of him. Both children are able to feel true compassion as they mature into young adults. Through a child’s loss of innocence, their compassion grows and they understand what true fairness.
The characterization of Jem reveals how he did not understand the unfairness of the world and how his loss of innocence led him to find compassion. After the jury announces a guilty verdict for Tom Robinson, Jem starts crying, not understanding how the jury could be so unfair: “His face was streaked with angry tears as we made our way through the cheerful crowd. ‘It ain’t right,’ he muttered…” (Lee 284). Just as Jem thinks there is no way the jury would find him guilty, the jury does what he thought was the impossible and convicted Tom Robinson, and his emotions are shown through his “angry tears”. Jem is upset at the jury for being what he believes to be unfair to Tom Robinson, and he is forced to face the ugly reality and unfairness of the world.
Through this unjust event, Jem loses his innocence and his compassion grows after seeing Tom Robinson wrongfully convicted of something he did not do. Later that summer, Jem sees Scout about to kill an insect and stops her, but Scout does not yet understand why he does so: “‘Why couldn’t I mash him?’ I asked. ‘Because they don’t bother you,’ Jem answered” (Lee 320). Unlike Scout who has not yet matured, Jem believes that innocent creatures that “don’t bother you” should be treated kindly and fairly, which is referencing Atticus’s aphorism regarding mockingbirds. Jem has grown and learned many life lessons like this one shown through his and Scout’s interaction. Jem’s maturation is shown through his characterization, and he becomes compassionate and develops a strong belief in fairness.
Through Atticus’s teachings, Scout eventually matures with her growing compassion and a strong sense of right and wrong. When Scout asks if she could invite Walter over, Aunt Alexandra tells her that the Finches do not associate with folks like the Cunninghams, so she goes to Jem and tells him how she feels about it: “‘Nothing’s wrong with him. Naw, Jem, I think there’s just one kind of folks. Folks’” (Lee 304). Scout believes that everyone should be treated equally and fairly because there is only “one kind of folks” (Lee 304). She is still an innocent child during this part of the book and does not know why Aunt Alexandra does not approve of the Cunninghams. She believes that everyone should judge a person fairly, which is to judge by their character, not social status.
After sending Boo Radley home, she reflects on Atticus’s words: “Atticus was right. One time he said you never really know a man until you stand in his shoes and walk around in it” (Lee 374). Scout recalled this same saying earlier in the book when she was still an innocent child and did not understand it; now she is reflecting and realizes that Atticus was right all along. She has finally matured, and she sees how unfair the world around her is. She shows compassion for Boo Radley after putting herself in his shoes. Scout’s compassion blossoms at the end of the book, and she matures into a young woman who believes strongly in treating everyone fairly.
One can only understand the unfairness of the world if they have felt true compassion through the loss of innocence. Throughout the whole book, the readers follow Jem and Scout on their journey into adulthood. The Finch children were once innocent and thoughtless, but events like Tom Robinson’s trial and the town’s false image of their neighbor, Boo Radley, made them realize how unfair the world is. Jem and Scout matured at different times in different ways, yet they both turned out to become thoughtful young adults who were finally able to feel true compassion and do what they believe is right and fair.
Like Lizabeth from Marigolds, Jem, and Scout, all children mature. Some children mature faster and some slower than others, all with a different reason for their maturation. The same thing happens to every child, no matter how fast or for what reason; they become compassionate adults who are able to make their own fair judgment without being affected by someone else’s opinions. They are ultimately able to make decisions based on what they believe is right. There are many factors to what kind of person a child will become, such as the environment in which they grow up in and the people around them who they look up to as a child. Adults who have already experienced the process of growing up can help these kids become their own person and let them develop their own values through their own experiences. People should not tell these children what to do, or who to be; they should let them learn the lessons of life on their own.